{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/v11vd6qx4j/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Inside Ethiopia Land of Famine...Land of Hope"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/053/original/cropped-marmia-logo-copy1.png?1586173104","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Source Metadata URI"]},"value":{"en":["https://marmia.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/archival_objects/14711"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["Be advised that this video may contain sensitive, triggering, and offensive language and content. (Content warning)","Digitized with funding provided by the Council on Library and Information Resources' \"Digitizing Hidden Special Collections and Archives: Amplifying Unheard Voices\" grant program. (Funding note)","\"Inside Ethiopia\" is a co-production of Paulist Productions and Group W Broadcasting. It was created by Father Elwood Kieser and narrated by Cliff Robertson. (Scope and Content Note)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["1 U-matic"]}},{"label":{"en":["Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["WJZ-UNKN-048-016 (Identifier)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Series Title"]},"value":{"en":["Unidentified Footage"]}}],"summary":{"en":["Be advised that this video may contain sensitive, triggering, and offensive language and content.","Digitized with funding provided by the Council on Library and Information Resources' \"Digitizing Hidden Special Collections and Archives: Amplifying Unheard Voices\" grant program.","\"Inside Ethiopia\" is a co-production of Paulist Productions and Group W Broadcasting. It was created by Father Elwood Kieser and narrated by Cliff Robertson."]},"provider":[{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["MARMIA"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["MARMIA"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/053/original/cropped-marmia-logo-copy1.png?1586173104","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/267/587/small/thumbnail_267587_1741988651.jpg?1741988652","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 2 - open-uri20250314-1605153-k1w4ui.mp4"]},"duration":1755.775,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/267/587/small/thumbnail_267587_1741988651.jpg?1741988652","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-marmia.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/267/587/original/open-uri20250314-1605153-k1w4ui.mp4?1741977667","type":"Video","format":"video/mp4","duration":1755.775,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587/transcript/77535","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AUTO_TRINT_WJZ-UNKN-048-016_FFV1.ia.mp4 [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587/transcript/77535/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e Whoop!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587#t=9.97,9.97"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587/transcript/77535/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 2:\u003c/strong\u003e Programs normally seen at this time will not be seen so that we may bring you this special presentation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587#t=46.39,50.99"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587/transcript/77535/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 3:\u003c/strong\u003e These are Ethiopians. And these are iffy hippies. This is a land of contrast. A land of joyous and proud people. A land of starving people. A land stricken by drought, hunger, and famine. by civil war, a land in which many fight valiantly to live. while others are too weak to care any longer. Hello, I'm Cliff Robertson. I recently visited Ethiopia. I saw sadness and suffering, destitution and death, but I also saw much love and devotion, courage and faith. It was a grim experience, but one of the more meaningful of my life. I'd like to share it with you to let you see what I saw so that together we may understand how this tragedy happened and what we might do to help.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587#t=58.11,129.419"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587/transcript/77535/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e There comes a time when we heed a certain call When the world must come together as one There are people dying","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587#t=130.199,144.04"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587/transcript/77535/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 3:\u003c/strong\u003e Press reports tell us of Ethiopia's 42 million people, 17 million are severely malnourished. Of these, at least 7 million are not just hungry. They are in danger of starving to death. 2 and 1 half million have left their homes and villages in search of food. There are more than 100 feeding stations throughout the country offering food, shelter, and medical care. Many of the camps are run by church groups, others by the. Ethiopian government, while others are operated by groups like World Vision, Concern, Save the Children, or Oxfam. The camps are serviced by international relief agencies like Catholic Relief Services, the Red Cross, Church World Services, and the Lutheran World Federation, to name just a few. The food is provided mostly by the United States and our European allies, as well as Canada and Australia.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587#t=185.15,237.79"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587/transcript/77535/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 4:\u003c/strong\u003e The food stocks that were available in homes and households have just completely diminished to nothing. Anything they harvested has just been dissipated. So more and more people are on the move in Ethiopia, looking for food. People are walking 30 and 40 kilometers every day in search for food. People are coming over treacherous terrain. People leave their homes in stages. The male members of the community or the older, healthier members of the community will pack up and go where they've heard there is food. They would send a message back to the wife and children to come and get it. Families have broken up on the way. People have died on the way to secure food. And it's a tragedy, a tragic situation. Thanks for watching! It's an overwhelming feeling to walk through the camps, to see the personal suffering just overwhelms me. Worst situation I've seen in Ethiopia was walking through a camp, and there were three sheds. That's all there were, tin sheds. And as I walked down the line in the middle of the shed, there were beds on either side with three people to a bed and the death rate. that day was 63 people. There were about 7,000 people in the camp overall. But to hear the people coughing and the crying, it was just overwhelming.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587#t=239.59,333.43"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587/transcript/77535/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 5:\u003c/strong\u003e You saw brown burlap huddled on the hilltop. You saw that these were literally hundreds of people simply sitting and waiting, perhaps for days on end, until sufficient food would be flown in or trucked in. You saw the condition of the kids, lots of children, condition of the eyes. You saw where the disease was setting in and near blindness had taken place. You saw the condition of the distended bellies. You saw the rickety thin leg.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587#t=334.31,366.72"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587/transcript/77535/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 6:\u003c/strong\u003e When I visited the camps, I saw situations, conditions, frankly, that I've never seen ever. I've been around the world, seen terrible problems, life-threatening situations all over, but never like this. There were literally hundreds of little children who were like shrunken up little men and women, hardly anything but skin and bones. Around the world, you see a lot of situations where kids have large bellies. because of lack of protein. Here, these children just didn't have bellies. There wasn't much shelter for people. People were basically sleeping out in the open. There wasn't very much medical care. It's hard to envision in our safe and secure society, a society of plenty, thousands of people with nothing. But I suppose especially people with children of their own see those children, and they're but the grace of God is my child.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587#t=367.5,421.47"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587/transcript/77535/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 7:\u003c/strong\u003e There are approximately 9,000 people here at present. The vast majority are very severely malnourished and a very large percentage of the people are very ill. The main problems are diarrheal diseases and a large percentage of the people have had measles, malaria, hepatitis and fevers of unknown origin. The first thing we're doing for them is feeding them. We have divided them into categories. Those for intensive feeding, they are fed five times a day. Others then are fed twice a day. We have a unit For newborn babies, we also have a maternity tent, and babies are being born. Some fine, big, strong babies, and others have been born prematurely. And sad to say, most of those who were born prematurely have died because of lack of facilities for caring for premature babies. The doctor and health assistants see 100 to anything up to 200 people every day. People are dying. At present, the death rate is anything from 36 to 40 on average.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587#t=425.04,493.16"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587/transcript/77535/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 8:\u003c/strong\u003e The condition of this three-year-old child is that he has gross marasmus which is due to starvation and he's also grossly dehydrated as you can see when we lift the skin. He is critically ill and no pain, possibly semi-conscious. I doubt very much if he will pull through but we're just some fluid anyway just to see if he will come around.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587#t=497.37,526.59"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587/transcript/77535/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 4:\u003c/strong\u003e No, brother, it's just that I...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587#t=528.48,530.14"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587/transcript/77535/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 3:\u003c/strong\u003e Despite the heroic efforts of the doctors, the child died.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587#t=531.64,535.34"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587/transcript/77535/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a, I'm a","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587#t=537.98,544.84"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587/transcript/77535/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 3:\u003c/strong\u003e In all the camps we visited, death was an everyday thing. In two of them, the daily death toll was over 100. In the last 12 months, more than 300,000 Ethiopians have died of starvation. In the next 12 months, without massive and sustained aid from the international community, many times that number will starve to death. Death is so common that gravediggers outnumber camp doctors ten to one. These are a handsome people, full of dignity and reverence. They don't care about the civil war or political ideology. Yet they, like hundreds of thousands of other Ethiopians, are caught in a tragedy not of their own nature. Despite their want and destitution, these people have an innate joy and an outgoing friendliness which, given their circumstances, we found almost miraculous.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587#t=549.62,629.19"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587/transcript/77535/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 7:\u003c/strong\u003e We have a lot to gain from these people. They have a lot to offer. Despite all the problems here, you can go into any shelter and you can have a joke with anybody and generally they're happy and this means an awful lot.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587#t=638.95,654.59"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587/transcript/77535/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 3:\u003c/strong\u003e Hunger is not new to Ethiopia nor to Africa. Serious droughts occur about once every 10 years. In Ethiopia, 90% of the people are subsistence farmers. Parts of the country have had no rain in four years. In other parts, it has not rained in more than two years. Without rain, the sun escorts the soil, leaving it barren and useless. The crops failed, and the people were forced to consume what little reserves of food they had. But finally in desperation, they ate the seed. they would have planted for the next harvest. And then they starve.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587#t=722.08,756.33"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587/transcript/77535/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 9:\u003c/strong\u003e The origins of the current crisis in Africa, I think, are in part natural disaster and in part man-made. The natural disaster, of course, has to do with the drought. The current drought is merely the continuation of one that began nearly a decade ago, which has destroyed cultivable land and therefore crops all across the continent. the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization. estimates that 24 of Africa's 50 independent countries today are faced by starvation as a result of the drought. The drought is an act of God. There is no rain. No one can do anything about that. The other part of the crisis, the reasons for the famine, have to do with man-made events. In particular, the government policies of various states, which fixed prices in the period immediately after independence. according to state policies, which determine the price of agricultural goods. These were, to a large extent, artificial prices. They were not determined by market forces. They were prices dictated by governments. And one immediate consequence was to cause the peasant farmers in many countries to leave the countryside, to stop farming altogether.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587#t=757.36,836.63"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587/transcript/77535/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 10:\u003c/strong\u003e And the revolution that occurred in Ethiopia in 1974 had to do mostly with a desire for accelerated progress. The country was developing rather rapidly. What happened was that the military junta that took over in Ethiopia seriously disappointed the expectations of the people. They were locked into Marxism, Leninism very early. It's not a recipe for rapid economic development. It's a recipe for stagnation and confusion. Thanks for watching! Government adopted policies that were designed to force the peasants into collectives. It doesn't work. It doesn't produce much. And the reason we've got a ghastly famine in Ethiopia today is that these people are sticking to programs and plans that simply don't work.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587#t=837.93,883.39"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587/transcript/77535/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 3:\u003c/strong\u003e The hunger and famine are made worse by a civil war. Three provinces are fighting the government, hoping to secede from the country. Guerrillas roam the countryside. This makes it difficult to raise crops even when there is rain. It complicates the relief effort and drains the country of needed resources. To fight the war, the government of Ethiopia maintains one of Africa's largest armies. Its 250,000 men are equipped by the Soviet Union at a price. The Russians don't give the arms away. They sell them. More than half the budget of the Ethiopian government goes to support the military. Thanks for watching!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587#t=884.8,927.32"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587/transcript/77535/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 6:\u003c/strong\u003e because of the war, it is difficult, more difficult, to move food around in the country. because of the terrain, it's already difficult enough. The US government had called several times for safe passage of vehicles, food vehicles, but that hasn't happened, and the Civil War is in fact interfering substantially in moving food.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587#t=928.11,949.06"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587/transcript/77535/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 4:\u003c/strong\u003e The most profound impact of this fighting that's going on in the country is that people who have left their homesteads will not be there to plant when the rains come, if they do come. And that might possibly forebode a continuation of the famine situation in the months and years ahead.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587#t=949.98,970.24"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587/transcript/77535/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e So that someone else and their lives will be stronger and free. As God has shown us by turning stone to bread. And so we all must live a happy life.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587#t=975.96,995.2"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587/transcript/77535/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 3:\u003c/strong\u003e The crisis in Africa did not arise suddenly. Two and a half years ago, the Ethiopian government, which many have accused of ignoring the crisis, as well as private relief agencies, warned that a disaster was imminent. These warnings fell on deaf ears. The result has been a needless loss of life. Then in October 1984, the British Broadcasting Company aired a documentary on the Ethiopian famine. Footage was shown in all parts of the free world. The airing created a sensation. People were shocked. For the first time, the world saw this ugly face of famine. British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher and Australian Prime Minister Robert Hawke were reported to have wept when they saw it. Overnight, relief agencies were flooded with desperately needed money. Western governments were propelled into action by the compassion and generosity of the now aroused people. And as a result, money was appropriated, food reserves were tapped, ships were diverted, and planes were dispatched.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587#t=1026.98,1095.18"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587/transcript/77535/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 4:\u003c/strong\u003e There's no doubt in my mind that had the world community responded in the same manner that they're beginning to respond now, we would not have as many people dying of starvation. The political ideology of the government of Ethiopia is certainly a factor that inhibited the Western nation's response to Ethiopia. Basically, they're a Marxist, and that we find in the United States to be at odds with the positions we take. The same problem exists with many European countries. So the response in terms of, do the Western nations of the world want to offer their largesse to a Marxist government, I think certainly was a complicating one. Most nations weren't ready to do that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587#t=1096.11,1143.91"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587/transcript/77535/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 5:\u003c/strong\u003e We lost, we think, tens of thousands of lives. We, the world. People's lives were lost because there was not the willingness to recognize the seriousness of the problem in advance, and so people died while we were debating whether the food was needed or not. The administration has reacted magnificently during the last three months. Prior to that time, they treated this thing as if in fact. It was not something to worry about, that it was something that was, yes, there was a problem, but it could be handled in the normal course of events.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587#t=1144.61,1183.09"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587/transcript/77535/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 6:\u003c/strong\u003e The US government provided some $21 million of disaster assistance to Ethiopia the year before this became a public discussion item at all. We were the largest single donor to Ethiopia for food last year. We're providing roughly 50% of the food needs as we know them to Ethiopia and to the continent. Enormous response. And that's what the government's doing. As you know. the private citizens of this country have been and continue to contribute very substantial amounts. I think it is, it really is what America is all about, that when we see a tragedy like this, when we can be reasonably assured that our assistance will go to those people who need the help, that we respond.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587#t=1183.59,1227.32"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587/transcript/77535/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 5:\u003c/strong\u003e What we have to do that has not been done is to commit ourselves to the expenditure by the United States of something in the vicinity of $500 or $600 million for the purchase of food and food-related emergency provisions over the course of the next six or seven months, which would meet roughly of the outstanding needs in all of Africa, a significant portion of that is going to be in Ethiopia.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587#t=1228.77,1265.75"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587/transcript/77535/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 3:\u003c/strong\u003e Ethiopia is the tip of the iceberg. More than 20 African nations face famine. The Sudan will be the next great African tragedy. Thousands of Sudanese have already starved to death. As many as 50,000 will die this year. In Mozambique, more than 100,000 have died from hunger. Another two and a half million are threatened. In some villages, Children must catch and eat sparrows to survive. In Burkina Faso, 95% of this year's crop has been lost due to a lack of rain. Somalia, a country of four million, has one million starving people. Many are crossing into Ethiopia in search of food. Zimbabwe has suffered heavy crop and cattle losses. It's been swamped by nearly 60,000 refugees from Mozambique. The Cameroon is running out of water. There is barely enough for the people and almost none for the livestock. In Niger, Mali, and Senegal, there are cholera epidemics as well. In Kenya, two million people are close to starvation. In Chad, 200,000 people have left their homes in search of food, a search complicated by a civil war. In some countries, the doctors perform the gruesome act of triage, the selection of the strongest refugees to receive food and water while letting the others die. In other countries, doctors work their way through teeming crowds and, using marking pencils, place crosses on the foreheads. of those who stand the best chance of survival. They are fed. The others die.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587#t=1267.52,1400.9"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587/transcript/77535/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 9:\u003c/strong\u003e The African governments are asking themselves what can we do not only to raise food production for the future but more particularly what can we do to meet the emergency of the moment. What they are doing are changing state policies in many cases. They are moving away from state control of prices and wages to farm production under free market conditions to meet the needs of the moment. they are looking to the outside. the United States in particular, looking to us for generosity in terms of providing food, the basic necessities to meet the crisis of the moment. But in the long term, they are looking to the United States for technology and for helping them build what we call human capital that they train their people in such fields as agronomy. and various specialties in agricultural production and, in particular, to provide capital in order to enable them to, at some point, hopefully, become self-sufficient in agriculture.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587#t=1402.28,1474.84"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587/transcript/77535/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e We are the world We are the children We are the one who make a brighter","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587#t=1475.8,1484.82"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587/transcript/77535/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 4:\u003c/strong\u003e The food is absolutely getting to hundreds of thousands of people in Ethiopia. But one must remember that there are between 7 and 10 million people who are either starving or very poor conditions and are searching for food. And the numbers grow daily. No question that the food is getting through. Now is it getting through to all sections of the country, to every person in need? The answer is no. But our agencies such as Catholic Relief Services and many others who are distributing food trying to reach out, the answer is yes. And every day we're stretching further and further out into all areas.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587#t=1541.06,1585.9"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587/transcript/77535/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 3:\u003c/strong\u003e need. What can you and I do to help the hungry people in Ethiopia? Well first we can let our elected officials in Washington know that we want an expansion of our famine relief program. We are a generous and compassionate people and we want that kind of foreign policy. Second, we can support the private relief agencies who are working so effectively. In our lifetimes we may never again have the chance to do so much good. with so little money. In Ethiopia today, $1 feeds a child for a week. And the food that dollar buys may be the difference between life and death for that child. Each of us has to face the age-old question, am I my brother's keeper? Yes, we are. I'm Cliff Roberts.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587#t=1586.76,1640.36"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587/transcript/77535/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 2:\u003c/strong\u003e The money you contribute to famine relief is providing food for the hungry. Catholic Relief Services spends less than 4% on administration and fundraising. Your money is being well spent.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587#t=1652.23,1663.43"}]},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587/transcript/77535","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267587/transcript/77535/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/077/535/original/trint_WJZ-UNKN-048-016_FFV1_transcript.vtt?1742308525","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/077/535/original/trint_WJZ-UNKN-048-016_FFV1_transcript.vtt?1742308525"}]}]},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267588","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 2 of 2 - open-uri20250314-1605153-f5na8m.mp4"]},"duration":1755.775,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/267/588/small/open-uri20250314-1605153-f5na8m_1741977682.jpg?1741977683","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267588/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267588/content/2/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-marmia.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/267/588/original/open-uri20250314-1605153-f5na8m.mp4?1741977680","type":"Video","format":"video/mp4","duration":1755.775,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144760/file/267588","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[]}]}