{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/x34mk6758r/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Great Black Women: Achievers Against the Odds, 1987"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/053/original/cropped-marmia-logo-copy1.png?1586173104","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Source Metadata URI"]},"value":{"en":["https://marmia.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/archival_objects/14938"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["1987 (Broadcast)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["Be advised that this video may contain sensitive, triggering, and offensive language and content. (Content warning)","Digitized with funding provided by the Council on Library and Information Resources' \"Digitizing Hidden Special Collections and Archives: Amplifying Unheard Voices\" grant program. (Funding note)","This program is about the successes of Black women despite systemic oppression and include The Pointer Sisters, Natalie Cole, Tina Turner, Coretta Scott King, Fannie Lou Hamer, June Johnson, Wilma Rudolph, Valerie Briscoe Hooks, Mary Lou Retton, Carla Dunlap, Jayne Kennedy, Norma Quarles, Joan Murray, Oprah Winfrey, Hattie McDaniel, Butterfly McQueen, Lena Horne, Whoopi Goldberg, Moms Mabley, Carmen de Lavallade, Judith Jamison, Debbie Allen, Barbara Jordan, Katie Hall, Mary McLeod Bethune, Phylicia Rashad, Leslie Uggams, Naomi Sims, Sheila Johnson, Maggie Draper Walker, Nettie Elizabeth Mills, Clara Hale, Eula McClaney, Maya Angelou, and more.\n\nIt was produced by WBZ-TV in Boston, Massachusetts. (Scope and Content Note)","Duplicate of WJZ-UNKN-058-002 (Processinfo)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["1 U-matic"]}},{"label":{"en":["Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["WJZ-UNKN-058-001 (Identifier)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Series Title"]},"value":{"en":["Documentary Specials"]}}],"summary":{"en":["Be advised that this video may contain sensitive, triggering, and offensive language and content.","Digitized with funding provided by the Council on Library and Information Resources' \"Digitizing Hidden Special Collections and Archives: Amplifying Unheard Voices\" grant program.","This program is about the successes of Black women despite systemic oppression and include The Pointer Sisters, Natalie Cole, Tina Turner, Coretta Scott King, Fannie Lou Hamer, June Johnson, Wilma Rudolph, Valerie Briscoe Hooks, Mary Lou Retton, Carla Dunlap, Jayne Kennedy, Norma Quarles, Joan Murray, Oprah Winfrey, Hattie McDaniel, Butterfly McQueen, Lena Horne, Whoopi Goldberg, Moms Mabley, Carmen de Lavallade, Judith Jamison, Debbie Allen, Barbara Jordan, Katie Hall, Mary McLeod Bethune, Phylicia Rashad, Leslie Uggams, Naomi Sims, Sheila Johnson, Maggie Draper Walker, Nettie Elizabeth Mills, Clara Hale, Eula McClaney, Maya Angelou, and more.\n\nIt was produced by WBZ-TV in Boston, Massachusetts.","Duplicate of WJZ-UNKN-058-002"]},"provider":[{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["MARMIA"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["MARMIA"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/053/original/cropped-marmia-logo-copy1.png?1586173104","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/267/896/small/thumbnail_267896_1742303612.jpg?1742303614","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 2 - open-uri20250318-3451889-v8gawy.mp4"]},"duration":3556.564,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/267/896/small/thumbnail_267896_1742303612.jpg?1742303614","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-marmia.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/267/896/original/open-uri20250318-3451889-v8gawy.mp4?1742303524","type":"Video","format":"video/mp4","duration":3556.564,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AUTO_TRINT_WJZ-UNKN-058-001_FFV1.ia.mp4 [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e Hello, I'm Tanya Hart. Tina Turner, Whoopi Goldberg, Shirley Chisholm, Oprah Winfrey. These are all contemporary women who've achieved against the odds. You know, for centuries, black women have played an important part in American history. And despite hardships and discrimination, countless black women have emerged in various fields. In the next hour, you are going to meet some of them and find out how they got to where they are today, their struggles, their joy. and their dreams. Now perhaps the greatest influence black people have had in American culture has been in the area of music. Songbirds like Billie Holiday, Bessie Smith and many others have played an important role in shaping this most distinct art form. It's the combination of happy rhythmic music and the forces of despair known as the blues that has given depth to so many female vocalists. And in a business that chews people up and spits them out, the staying power of groups like the Pointer Sisters is just short of being phenomenal. Their names, Anita, June, and Ruth, are all well known to the public. And though fans sometimes have problems matching names with faces, they never have any problem identifying the distinctive sound. The Poynter Sisters have been producing for a dozen years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=111.42,192.01"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 2:\u003c/strong\u003e Because we're getting ready to take off in here in a minute. Just pretend like you're in a big old spaceship. Because we are going into orbit. Hey! Yeah!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=192.07,202.27"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e That's just where they sent the music charts with their hit-studded triple-platinum album, Breakout, that included four top ten singles. Plus, their album, Contact, has already gone gold. Although these ladies are veterans in the business, they are only now reaping the financial rewards of their success, which was something they didn't cash in on a decade ago, despite the luxuries of press and limos. I mean, it made you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=204.34,228.28"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 2:\u003c/strong\u003e I mean, it makes you famous, and it's your money that's been spent. We had a wonderful PR company, and they promoted us to the hilt. They had us in every magazine, doing every interview, wore us out. They were good, and we paid for that. Plus, we had no business since at that time. We didn't know what we were doing. We really didn't know. And the money that we could have saved, we just spent.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=227.54,245.44"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e The point is discovered early that the hardest part of making it to the top is staying there and with a string of gold and platinum albums to their credit, it seems they've discovered the formula. But their current crossover appeal was stimulated by women like Aretha Franklin, who will go into the music annals as the queen of soul.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=246.3,265.73"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 3:\u003c/strong\u003e Give it to me, this one's for me, and I love De-de-de-de-de-de-de-de-de-de-de-de-de-de-de-de-de-de-de-de-de-de-de-de-de-de-de-de-de","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=269.29,277.02"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e The pressure of life in the limelight isn't always easy. Singer Natalie Cole's brilliant history of musical talent didn't prevent her from getting involved with drugs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=279.35,288.23"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 4:\u003c/strong\u003e I had people who loved me and who were able to say, you know, they just couldn't take it anymore. They said, Natalie, please, you know, do something. And I mean, it took physical, you know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=288.59,298.81"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 5:\u003c/strong\u003e Let's go if you're thinking about using drugs Natalie's advice is those that are thinking of getting into it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=299.16,305.72"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 4:\u003c/strong\u003e I would say that it's a foolish thing to do, because the bottom line is you don't know if you're one of those ones that won't be able to stop. Those who are already into it, I would say that it's not hopeless, that you can get help. And if anyone says anything to you at all about, I think you've got a problem, then it's time for you to look at that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=307.38,330.1"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e Now confident that she has won the fight against drugs is ready to influence millions with her new life and new musical style The swing era of the 1930s and 40s, ushered in by Duke Ellington, provided America with the joy of a native art form. It also gave us people like Ella Fitzgerald, who almost single-handedly invented the concept of scat music. Originally from Newport News, Virginia, Fitzgerald lost her parents as a child and was educated at an orphanage in New York, but her incredible ability to sing the way a good jazz man plays an instrument has made her a national treasure. The bridge between jazz, R\u0026B, and gospel has been crossed by many great vocalists, but no one does it quite like Patti LaBelle.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=331.13,386.95"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 3:\u003c/strong\u003e Tighten up my point of view, I've got a new attitude","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=388.02,391.2"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e This showbiz veteran is a wife, mother, and businesswoman, and somehow she manages to keep it all together.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=392.66,398.52"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 6:\u003c/strong\u003e people, period, who look up to me and expect me to do the right thing, and expect me to look the right way, and expect me to carry myself in a lady-like fashion at all times, and expects me to give them time, like with Big Sisters and with the ABC program and with the food programs that I'm working with, and just anything that I can do in my spare time. They expect this from me because I'm an entertainer, and if we don't do this, who will that people will respect?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=402.62,427.64"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e Speaking of together...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=430.95,431.75"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 3:\u003c/strong\u003e Tell me, Lord, what to do","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=437.77,440.55"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e The high priestess of rock, Tina Turner, has managed to put her career and life in order after a 16-year tumultuous marriage to the man who made her a star.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=441.35,450.63"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 7:\u003c/strong\u003e I grew. I changed. I'm trying to find an easy way out of this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=451.22,454.6"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e Let me ask you this, I mean was it just because it got too rough, you've said that he actually beat you, did he have a pimp mentality, was it something that, was he leeching off you?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=455.01,463.99"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 7:\u003c/strong\u003e No, I don't think I ever had leeching qualities. He's a very strong man. He's a businessman. I would say his role in our career was as strong as my role as a performer.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=464.96,477.34"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e Tina Turner and her musical colleagues have proved that hard work does pay off in the end. The fight for civil rights started long before the 60s. Even when there was a $40,000 bounty for the capture of runaway slave Harriet Tubman, this did not stop her from shepherding her passengers along the Underground Railroad to freedom. And it was that same spirit that prompted many black women to become involved in the fight for freedom.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=479.94,581.44"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 3:\u003c/strong\u003e What is the day of true belief? Doesn't build up science walls How long can its people breathe? Doesn't build up science walls Oh people, great day, great day","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=582.47,591.81"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e The civil rights movement of the 50s and 60s can be properly dated from the time of Rosa Park's refusal to be seated in the back of a bus, followed by the boycotts, picket lines, beatings, lynchings, killings of freedom fighters, whites as well as blacks, and most significantly, marches led by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and his wife, Coretta Scott King. But being in the forefront of a cause usually comes with a high price. For Coretta Scott King, the price was her husband's life.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=592.92,622.62"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 8:\u003c/strong\u003e honoring Martin Luther King, Jr. with a state holiday. We are also honoring the spirit of interracial brotherhood and cooperation in Georgia.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=624.03,634.95"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e Today, Mrs. King is an international champion of civil rights, keeping alive her husband's dream and the dream of others who gave their lives for civil and human rights.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=635.57,645.19"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 8:\u003c/strong\u003e Martin said it many years ago, it's non-violence and non-existence. And we have to learn to solve our problems through negotiating meetings, sitting down, discussing. We have to solve them non-violently, peacefully, or else we will destroy. ourselves. That's what his whole life represented. That is what he symbolized. And that's why I think it's important that there be a place like the King's Center, the Martin Lutheran Center for Nonviolent Social Change, where people learn how to struggle nonviolently.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=646.16,691.34"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 9:\u003c/strong\u003e We white people are not going to surrender our birthright so that they can get more votes from the black man.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=693.02,699.92"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e One of the many struggles during the 60s was getting blacks to register to vote in southern states. During that era, we also saw violent retaliation from the white majority.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=700.33,710.39"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 10:\u003c/strong\u003e It is the very terror that these people are living through that is the reason that Negroes aren't voting, that they're kept out of the Democratic Party by the terror of the regular party. And what I want the Credentials Committee to hear is the terror which the regular party uses on the people of Mississippi, which is what Reverend King was explaining, which is what Aaron Henry was explaining, and which is what the next witness will explain, Mrs. Fannie Lou Hamer.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=711.36,741.27"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e This is Mrs. Fannie Lou Hamer's testimony to the credentials committee at the 1964 Democratic Convention. In 1962, Mrs. Hamer, a plantation worker in Ruleville, Mississippi, was kicked off the land she lived and worked on for 18 years on the very day she registered to vote. When she returned home that day, the plantation owner told her.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=742.56,763.3"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 11:\u003c/strong\u003e I mean that said, if you don't go down and withdraw your registration, you will have to leave. That then if you go down and withdraw, that you still might have to go because we are not ready for that in Mississippi.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=765.03,778.75"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e Mrs. Hamer's problems only got worse from that point on. In 1963, she and several other people were arrested and nearly beaten to death.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=780.03,788.11"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 11:\u003c/strong\u003e June the 9th, 1963, I had attended a voter registration workshop, was returning back to Mississippi. Ten of us was traveling by the Continental Trailway Bus.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=789.31,803.85"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e June Johnson was one of the people with Mrs. Hamer. At the time, she was only 14 years old.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=804.87,809.79"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 12:\u003c/strong\u003e They began to tear my clothes off of me and just start beating me. And how badly did they beat you? Well, it was five of them that jumped on me. And my eye, my left eye, was messed up. And my head was, I had a hole knocked in my head. And I was just humiliated. At that point, they came and got Mrs. Hamer. And they had taken her in a back sail. I could hear her scream. And when she got back, I saw her very bloody, and she was crying, and they threw her right there in front of the jail cell. When we saw Andrew Young and Jane Devils, several people from SNCC came over. That was my mother. My mother came. And, um.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=810.55,856.29"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 13:\u003c/strong\u003e That was, then you knew you were free to go. Right. I know, it's not an easy story to tell, is it? It's OK. Thank you very much.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=860.08,868.44"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e June Johnson is one of the survivors of that turbulent era, and as you can see, her scars will never be erased, nor will the memory of those who lost their lives for the cause. Next, we'll see how the fight for civil rights opened the door to competitive sports and how women athletes achieved against the odds. Even in an enlightened 20th century, women have not been encouraged to enjoy the challenge of competitive sports. And for black women, the situation was even more limited because of the lack of financial support for women athletes. Despite these limitations, black women have emerged as some of the best in the sports world. Tagged as the world's fastest woman, Wilma Rudolph became the first woman to win three gold medals in track and field in 1960, the second black woman to win the Associated Press International Athlete of the Year Award, and the third woman ever to win the Sullivan Trophy. Today, Wilma's track shoes are being filled by Valerie Briscoe Hooks. Both sports enthusiasts and athletes believe the 1984 Olympic Games would serve as a springboard to launch black gold medalists into commercial endorsements, unlimited exposure, and respect. But after several years, they are still waiting. Valerie Briscoe Hooks is among those unsung heroes. She won three gold medals in track and field. It takes a lot of hard work and sacrifice to become an Olympic gold medalist. During the 1984 games, Mary Lou Retton became the darling of the whole world, even though she won only one gold medal to Valerie's three. They really...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=873.03,1088.77"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 14:\u003c/strong\u003e capitalize on the... Mary Lou Reddins, then Steve Luganis. That's who you mostly see on TV. As of yet, no Carl Lewis's, no me, no Edwins, no Avalyns. So I guess we're having problems, but it comes slower. How does that make you feel when you know you work just as hard as a Mary?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1089.03,1111.9"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e and one more gold medal.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1112.26,1113.44"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 14:\u003c/strong\u003e I'm happy for Mary. I'm glad that she's getting all that she deserves, I mean, because she did win the gold, and she is.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1114.49,1121.17"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e a nice girl. Valerie Briscoe Hooks is just one of hundreds of black women who have participated in the Olympic games. She, like the rest, have a lot to be proud of.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1123.389,1133.69"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 15:\u003c/strong\u003e In bodybuilding, you're sculpting your body as a visual piece of art. I mean, you're looking to show the end result of your body.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1140.04,1148.76"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e The sport that was once for men only is now a competitive sport for women. For the past decade, women's bodybuilding has developed by leaps and bounds. One of the best bodies in the world belongs to Carla Dunlap, Miss Olympia of 1984. She trains at the House of Health in Linfield, Mass.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1149.98,1167.32"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 15:\u003c/strong\u003e Women have been taught that it's okay to be smart, it's okay to be everything else but physically capable. And they're afraid of it in the fact that I think they're going to reduce their attractiveness to men when I think, in fact, it does increase that because you're physically fit, you feel more confident, you project that confidence, and people see that. They pick that up right away. Now I find there's a lot more acceptance of it, partially because of the fitness craze. and partially because of the fact that people are more knowledgeable of the fact that once you pick up an iron, it doesn't mean that it's going to change your sexual persuasion or anything like that. You're a woman. You project your womanliness as you see fit.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1169.4,1211.06"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 16:\u003c/strong\u003e I've been exercising ever since I was a little girl when I used to compete in the Junior Olympics and then on to junior high and high school.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1213.97,1219.97"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e Jane Kennedy is another woman associated with sports, but in a different vein. Jane was the first black female to co-anchor a network sports program for CBS.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1220.79,1229.57"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 16:\u003c/strong\u003e I look at myself as a commodity, and that way I don't get hurt by the rejection, and I take the successes and I can make the best out of them instead of letting it go to my head. A lot of kids, they say, I want to grow up and be just like Jane Kennedy. You know, and I tell them, find what you have that's your best asset and capitalize on that. Make the most out of it, because you could grow up and be a lot better than Jane Kennedy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1230.62,1251.16"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e Of course, there are many women who preceded Jane in different areas of the media who've made tremendous strides in print as well. But since the age of electronics, we've seen network news correspondents like Norma Quarles and Joan Murray, who was the first black anchorwoman to go on air in 1965. One woman who seems to be taking the TV scene by storm is Oprah Winfrey. She's been crowned the queen of the daytime talk shows. Phil Donahue, move over. Oprah got her first major TV job co-anchoring the news in Baltimore and co-hosting the People Are Talking program, which catapulted her to Chicago talk show AM Chicago and the rest is history. One of Oprah's life goals is to act and she got the opportunity in Steven Spielberg's adaptation of The Color Purple. This is Oprah's second acting project, A Native Son. During the early days of Hollywood, acting opportunities were few and far between for blacks. And that still holds true today. But the roles then were mainly of domestics. David O. Selznick's 1939 epic depicting the fall of the Old South during the Civil War provided a key role for Hattie McDaniel, who won an Oscar for her portrayal as Mammy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1251.99,1327.11"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 11:\u003c/strong\u003e I sincerely hope I shall always be a credit to my race and to the most","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1328.06,1332.74"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e picture industry. Butterfly McQueen is prissy provided comic relief for certain scenes but being cast as an unintelligent scatterbrained maid upset her.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1332.97,1341.99"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 17:\u003c/strong\u003e I was miserable, but I was determined to do the best I could. You were miserably because you were embarrassed by your role. I didn't think anybody would go back in 1939 and bring up slavery. Was it realistic for black people to want to be, quote, movie stars back in the 30s? Oh, it's always been realistic, I suppose. But they didn't know what kind of people they were dealing with. What kind of people were they dealing with? They were dealing with people who were interested in making money. They didn't care about presenting anybody but their own color. And you've got to give them credit for wanting to help their own people. That money was a big thing. Not letting the show how far these blacks have progressed since slavery.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1342.64,1387.21"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e McQueen says despite her embarrassment of her role as Prissy, Gone with the Wind has been a constant source of income for the last 50 years, and she is still doing bit parts today. Lena Horne's destiny was to establish a new image for Black women by being one of the first film stars to escape the costume of a maid. pictures like Cabin in the Sky. MGM's 1949 all-star hit, Words and Music, established her name but limited her to guest spots that could be easily cut when distributed to southern theaters.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1388.0,1419.2"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 18:\u003c/strong\u003e Hollywood had separated me from my own people and I was not with their people. I didn't want to be, really. But that in-between line that one had to walk when one was beginning, the first black this and the first black that, it isolates you from people. My black people had put me down because I had supposed to be shut off the jobs about maids and porters.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1420.03,1445.65"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e Here at a luncheon in her honor, Lena recounts stories to the Edges Group.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1447.01,1450.91"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 18:\u003c/strong\u003e And Basie said shut up, shut up. He said they chose you and they don't choose many of us. You have got to go back. You have got to work out there in Hollywood no matter what happens because it will give the others that are coming along a chance.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1451.03,1473.97"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e Lena continued to hobnob with the best of Hollywood, where she and her husband Lenny Hayden proceeded to carve a durable career despite discrimination.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1476.04,1483.6"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 19:\u003c/strong\u003e We'll be ridin' high, babe, every kind of...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1484.51,1488.07"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e Unlike a lot of Lena's unfortunate peers like Dorothy Dandridge and Billie Holiday, Lena has proven herself to be a survivor.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1488.63,1495.23"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 3:\u003c/strong\u003e .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1577.05,1577.05"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 20:\u003c/strong\u003e Like he's there and like he says let's go for walks like we go this really amazing walk And it was really amazing because like the moon was there in the stars were there in the ocean was there in the sand was There and I was there and he was there like we got together and did it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1582.5,1593.2"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e Whoopi Goldberg is one of the hottest funny women in show business. Her comedic relief has launched her into an acting career that includes a critically acclaimed performance in The Color Purple, making her one of the most sought after talents today.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1593.35,1605.93"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 20:\u003c/strong\u003e I'm probably because there hasn't been anyone like me for a long time, you know, and I'm black and I'm this woman, and I got this weird name. I got a weird name that's a godsend, and the work is good and teenagers like it and old people like it and deaf people like it and handicapped people like it, people across the board.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1607.1,1623.58"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e The late Moms Mabley was truly one of the funny women of the 50s and 60s. Whoopi is often compared to her.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1624.64,1630.92"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 21:\u003c/strong\u003e God put me in a show business, I prayed. And he put me, showed me the way to make a living. Now I ain't look back.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1631.66,1639.94"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e Originally an actress starring opposite Paul Robeson in The Emperor Jones, Moms later found her niche in being funny. Fifteen years ago, before Moms passed away, she gave us her opinion of the role of black women in America.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1641.21,1653.77"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 21:\u003c/strong\u003e Not only black women, but white women, black women, all of them. I'm colorblind. I don't know the difference. I only know you're a human being, and you're my children. And ugly!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1654.52,1668.06"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 3:\u003c/strong\u003e Yay!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1668.83,1668.83"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 21:\u003c/strong\u003e He was so ugly, he hurt...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1672.68,1673.94"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 20:\u003c/strong\u003e I can take my feelings, I can feel it. This is my long luxurious blonde hair. Ain't it pretty? Yes! I could put it in a...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1673.96,1684.82"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e Like mom's, Whoopi's style often leaves her audiences thinking about issues that matter, which can get a little...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1686.87,1692.91"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 20:\u003c/strong\u003e Some people like it, some people hate it, and that's all right. I just want people to... to leave thinking. I don't want them to leave going, oh, why isn't that sweet? What's for dinner?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1693.78,1706.44"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e As with most celebrities, with fame comes a loss of privacy, which is the one precious thing Whoopi isn't happy about giving up.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1707.33,1714.41"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 20:\u003c/strong\u003e I have a family and I have children and I really want to maintain some kind of privacy for them so that I can go home and relax and not have to worry about being Whoopi Goldberg. And the story goes off and this is what I hear, come back to Jamaica.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1714.73,1731.07"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e It's been many years since I met Moms Mabley, and it's interesting to see the similarities between her and Whoopi because their comedy truly comes from the black experience. When you think back to the turn of the century, the black minstrel shows were the springboard for female performers like Florence Mills and Aleta Webb. Josephine Baker and Katherine Dunham's contribution put the art of black dance on the map and paved the way for contemporary dancers. One of the most sought after dancers during the 60s was Carmen DeLavalade. Her career spans more than 35 years, well beyond the life of most prominent dancers. Her staying power goes much further than just discipline.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1734.0,1776.27"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 22:\u003c/strong\u003e desire. I mean I'm really sticking my neck out at my time in my life to be doing this you know because people really they have a very odd effect when they look at you and they and everybody always finds out your age and what there's got this big age thing you know yes and then they kind of look at you kind of and they come and look look for the wrinkles and all that kind of stuff. I have good genes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1776.93,1800.85"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e Considered the Black Diva of Ballet, Ms. DeLavalade was taught by some of the best choreographers in the world, including her husband of over 30 years, Jeffrey Holder. This provided the opportunity for Carmen to concentrate solely on perfecting her technique.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1807.81,1821.39"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 22:\u003c/strong\u003e I grew up in the generation where the discipline was so that you always looked to see where you were going to get. And you knew maybe you hoped, but you loved it so much, I'm going to eventually hopefully get there. And you work on it. So it was out of sheer love that we did what we were doing. So you spend as many hours a day as you want to and you... You know, you did it for nothing and you did all that, you know, a penis would work 15 hours a day. You know, you really have to take the time to get the beauty out of it and not be satisfied.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1821.97,1852.46"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e Along with DeLavalade's inspiring contributions to dance was her encouragement and commitment toward a young talented dancer named Judith Jamison.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1854.22,1861.64"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 19:\u003c/strong\u003e I always remember wanting to move. And if I wasn't dancing moving, then I was driving my mother nuts. Because I would be all over the house, just full of energy, full of energy, into everything. And it was the best thing she did to farm me right on out there and say, teach this girl to dance. Give her some grace. Two, three, big step, five, six, now deliberately walk.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1868.299,1890.96"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e Born in Philadelphia in 1944, Jamison began training at an early age, making her debut with Agnes DeMille in 1964. One year later, she joined the Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater. The development of self-esteem was important to Judith because of her unusual body shape.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1891.62,1908.7"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 19:\u003c/strong\u003e I was five foot ten, and big busted, and hips, and whatever. Now, there's only one way you can be if you've got all that equipment. And that means you've got to be better than everybody else.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1909.94,1922.76"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e After a successful 15 year leading role with Alvin Ailey, Ms. Jamison decided to hang up her shoes and pursue other long awaited dreams, one of which is choreography.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1924.25,1933.23"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 19:\u003c/strong\u003e I felt I had said enough in my dancing. I thought it was time to pass on what I know onto a younger generation of dancers. There's plenty of room for people to be fierce, as fierce as I was when I was dancing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1934.18,1948.22"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 3:\u003c/strong\u003e Just me","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1952.03,1952.59"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e A woman who undoubtedly takes the lead step for a new generation of fierce dancers is Debbie Allen. She has made a success of acting, dancing, and choreographing for some of the biggest names in the business. Plus, she continues to hold her role as dance instructor on the hit TV series, Fame.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1955.22,1970.26"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 23:\u003c/strong\u003e You don't know how hard it is doing a television series. You really should watch the show. We work so hard. It's like being on a 16-hour workday every day, on the weekends, too, because your mind is there. If you're as involved as I happen to be doing the choreography, I have to be thinking all the time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1972.25,1990.03"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e It is the dancing talents of these black women and their predecessors that have had a profound influence on modern dance as we know it today. As black people, especially women, attempt to climb the political ladder, they find it increasingly difficult to win elective offices on the state level rather than local and county levels. But there are a chosen few who've broken those political barriers. This diminutive woman from New York was a member of the Gallup poll's 10 most admired women in the world for three years in a row. It's no surprise, because Shirley Chisholm's illustrious political career was highlighted when she became the first black woman to seek the nomination for the presidency in a major political party. But that's just part of the story of former Congresswoman Chisholm, who has championed civil rights and daycare legislation, and been a member of the powerful House Rules Committee. Occasionally teaching at Mount Holyoke College in Massachusetts, her political influence is still felt.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=1990.98,2126.43"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 24:\u003c/strong\u003e I've never seen black women more ready now for power. When we think of conventions and conferences, black women go to conventions, they have no power of their own. They're always an appendage of some other group, an appendage of a black group, of a women's group. But nobody ever stops to think and realize that black women, who are now very well educated in many instances, can also sometimes be a standard bearer in politics. But who says power concedes anything to you because you're black and you're brilliant and you're articulate or what have you? It's a system. So black women have now learned, like other segments of the society has learned, like white women have learned, like black men have learned, like white men have learned that you've got to be able to become politically empowered in order to become a force to be reckoned with in America.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=2127.38,2178.03"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e Literally thousands of black women have served in government posts, but the brilliant Texan Barbara Jordan became the first black person to serve in Congress from the old Confederate South since Reconstruction. She dazzled the nation during the Watergate hearings, and her tongue lashed out at the Republican Party like a mighty sword when she served as keynote speaker at the 1976 Democratic National Convention. Thank you for watching!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=2179.09,2201.57"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 25:\u003c/strong\u003e For the past eight years, Washington D.C. has been under a pollution alert.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=2202.47,2208.49"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 26:\u003c/strong\u003e It takes a lot of work.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=2210.99,2211.75"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e Representative Katie Hall of Indiana made her national political debut by sponsoring and succeeding at getting the Martin Luther King birthday bill signed into law, a victory that can be attributed to Hall's political savvy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=2212.04,2224.16"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 26:\u003c/strong\u003e I wrote a bill which would designate the third Monday of January each year as a national holiday in honor of Dr. King. And of course, it brought that holiday in line with those which had been designated earlier by the Congress. It allowed the American worker to have another three day weekend. And critics could not use the cost over my head as they had done with the January 15 holiday. Many had said that to have January 15 would be very expensive. because the government would have to open and close twice.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=2224.63,2254.81"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e All of these women agree the key to their success is education. And all of them have been touched in some way by perhaps the best known and most widely acclaimed educator of her era, Mary McLeod Bethune. With the founding of the Daytona Educational and Industrial School for Negro Girls in 1904 in Florida, Bethune began her mission in America. She started small with five young girls. 25 years later, the school became a nationally recognized co-educational institution, Bethune-Cookman College. But Mary McLeod Bethune's bright star seems to have dimmed today, as America's educational system has taken a backseat to other priorities. Educator Marva Collins, founder of the West Side Preparatory School in Chicago.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=2256.07,2298.52"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 27:\u003c/strong\u003e What we've done to ourselves, if some foreign power had done it to us, we would have considered it an act of war.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=2299.23,2305.79"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 24:\u003c/strong\u003e education is still the key to upward mobility in this society, particularly for blacks. It's the only avenue that is open to black citizens in terms of they actually believing that someday, someway, somehow, they would be able to become a part of this middle class society in America.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=2306.59,2327.89"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e The advent of the electronic medium has changed the way America looked at itself. Television became the vehicle for black Americans to show that we were indeed a viable part of society. Now throughout the years, the images of black people were not always positive, but today black women in television have come of age. In the 50s, it was Harriet Nelson and June Cleaver. In the 80s, TV's mom extraordinaire is Claire Huxtable, alias Felicia Rashad. And she says there is a big difference between motherhood in TV land and real life. Oh, it's very different.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=2406.74,2440.79"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 28:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, for one thing, I'm being a mother under controlled circumstances on television, you know. I mean, people enjoy what they see. It's realistically presented, but idealistically presented as well. I mean, let's face it, there are everyday situations that we can't put into 30 minutes. We get the gist of it, but, you know, it's under controlled circumstances. It's a little bit different. How you doing? Thanks for watching!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=2442.03,2467.01"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e Is anything hurt? Even though Felicia's role as a career woman and mother certainly fulfills today's requirements for a modern woman, there has still been criticism of the Cosby show for keeping Claire in the kitchen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=2468.56,2479.26"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 28:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, let me just say this. I'm an actress on the top rated television series that airs in 27 different nations in the face of this earth. And I clean my own toilet bowls. OK? So if somebody has a problem dealing with the realism of that, I have a problem dealing with it, too. Sometimes I'm tired. But the thing needs to be cleaned, and I clean it. I'm just saying that to say that professional women","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=2479.91,2506.17"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e do their own cleaning. Have you picked up any parenting techniques from the show that you've incorporated into your real-life situation? Yes. Such as? Humor. Felicia's Road was paved by trailblazer Diane Carroll, who in 1967 broke the trend of the traditional two-parent family by being TV's first single mom in her series, Julia. As you might guess, being first isn't always easy. Just listen to what Leslie Uggums has to say about her prime time TV debut in the early 60s in Sing Along with Mitch.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=2507.07,2540.29"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 29:\u003c/strong\u003e When I first started doing Sing Along with Mitch, there was a lot of static about it because the South wouldn't accept the show. We had been trying to sell the show for about five years and had been turned down because they said, we love the idea. But 25 old men, what about, you know, 25 young men? He said, no, this is my idea. So the thought of somebody saying, well, you know, we don't think Leslie should be on because we want the show to be shown everywhere. And if she's on, you can't do it. For him to turn around and say... uh... if there's no leslie there's no show i give him all the credit in the world and of course we were such a smash hit everybody was so nosy exactly wait a minute we changed that idea this show is a smash","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=2542.08,2583.12"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e Leslie's participation in Sing Along with Mitch launched a lucrative singing and acting career that has stood the test of time. The glamor of the camera and lights has not been restricted to primetime Tv. Many gorgeous black women have graced the covers of literally every major magazine. But one of the pioneers is former model-turned-businesswoman Naomi Sims.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=2584.27,2607.41"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 3:\u003c/strong\u003e I'll see you next time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=2611.98,2613.32"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e Naomi Sims is the first black female model to grace the cover of virtually every fashion magazine in the world. She retired from professional modeling in 1973 to devote more time to writing and other business interests. Being born in Oxford, Mississippi and raised in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, I asked Naomi to tell me how she got started. My mother subscribed to all of my videos.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=2616.35,2634.95"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 30:\u003c/strong\u003e the major fashion magazines, Ebony and Glamor and Vogue and you know all of them. So I knew what a model looked like and how she should move. So I called up a major fashion photographer named Gusta Peterson and I said hello my name is Naomi Sims can you see me and he said yes just like that which was extraordinary but we must remember that this was 1967 when Black is Beautiful was and reverberating throughout the world. and companies or major industries were looking for realistic ways to deal and relate to and sell to the black community. So I was at the right place at the right time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=2634.98,2671.84"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e One of the most familiar faces of the 80s is that of Sheila Johnson. And at $5,000 a day, she is one of the highest-paid models in the world.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=2674.28,2682.64"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 31:\u003c/strong\u003e An average day is, if it's booked from nine to five, it's getting up around 6.30 or seven, just to let the face calm down and let the swelling go down. And it's out on the street to get a cab or call a cab. It takes me at least a half an hour to get to studios. And then it's sitting in that chair, having the makeup done, and doing at least seven or eight shots a day. See, there's less competition for a man, too. You know, there are probably four or five girls that are my type. You know, they're just starting. I've been around for six years, but they're starting and they'll be more.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=2684.19,2723.12"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e Sheila says that along with the glamor comes the discipline of an almost monastic lifestyle. But she keeps her spirits high with exercise, good friends, and the desire to try new things. Which is why when she is in front of the camera, it is truly her night. Maggie Draper Walker was the first black woman to become president of a bank. Nettie Elizabeth Mills was the first woman, black or white, to own and operate an oil drilling rig. And Madam C.J. Walker, through her hair preparation business, became the first black woman millionaireess in America. To accomplish what they did, these women showed tremendous spirit. It is this kind of determination that has led people like Mother Hale to make a real difference in American society.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=2725.17,2839.91"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 32:\u003c/strong\u003e being born with jobs, and then have no mother and no father, you know, and nobody to love you. This is a terrible, and these little babies are pitiful because they're fighting so hard to live. So I think this is the least I can do, and I like it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=2846.03,2862.07"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e Mother Claire Hale is indeed a special kind of businesswoman. This octogenarian is founder of Hale House, located in New York City. Hale House is a special care facility for children who are born addicted to hardcore drugs. Since its inception in 1969, more than 500 youngsters have been healed through Mother Hale's love and attention. It was Mother Hale's daughter, Dr. Lorraine Hale, a PhD in childhood development and executive director of Hale House, who brought the first addicted baby into the home.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=2862.67,2892.17"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 33:\u003c/strong\u003e I certainly didn't see children born addicted as different from other children. I didn't think they were born addicted. I just saw parents who were in trouble and who needed help. And mother had always been helping those kinds of parents, so it just seemed natural.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=2892.44,2906.5"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e Mother Hale's heroic efforts have drawn considerable recognition over the years. She was one of the specially honored guests at President Reagan's inaugural ceremony. She received an award for her lifetime service to these children.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=2907.32,2919.34"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 32:\u003c/strong\u003e I've worked all my life like this and this is a part of me so it's really nothing. I was glad to meet the President though because he is the President of the United States.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=2919.88,2929.9"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e Another black female pioneer in business who has been honored nationally is real estate baroness Eula McCleaney. This woman of true inspiration started out poor in the clay hills of Alabama with a sixth grade education, but she had a dream to be better than she was. She didn't want to be poor for the rest of her life.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=2930.7,2949.14"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 34:\u003c/strong\u003e I didn't want to be poor all my life. So I prayed to God, and I prayed and prayed and prayed for God to show me a way out of this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=2949.81,2957.49"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e Mrs. McClaney's prayers were answered. She obtained her first piece of property after living in Pittsburgh for more than 10 years. Later, she, along with her two daughters, moved to California, where in 1957, she began to build her real estate empire by acquiring land in Beverly Hills, Century City, Westwood, and even Honolulu.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=2958.25,2976.59"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 34:\u003c/strong\u003e Never use the word can't. Always know that if anyone else did it, you can do it too.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=2978.22,2985.62"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e A woman who has shown that she can do it is Brenda Andrews. As Vice President of Alamo Irving Publishing in Los Angeles, she is one of the highest ranking female executives in the music industry today.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=2988.83,2998.53"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 35:\u003c/strong\u003e were slighted because we are in a man's world and and this is a boys town as far as I'm concerned and we just have to go in and show them that we are as human as they are and another person I don't always have to have on pants to be able to do a job.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=2999.59,3018.77"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e Just as these women were in the forefront of business and social work, there were other black women trailblazing their way through the literary world. The 1950s saw the likes of Zora Neale Hurston, Lorraine Hansberry, and Maya Angelou, all of whom created literature that sprang from the black experience.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=3020.1,3036.42"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 36:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, I was really lured into doing an autobiography in the first place, but I realized that I was writing through the black experience because that's what I know and love.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=3038.66,3050.54"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e The literary works of Maya Angelou are widely read throughout the world, but at one time, this prolific writer lost her ability to speak because of being raped as a child by a man who was later found dead.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=3051.39,3062.95"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 36:\u003c/strong\u003e I thought then that it was my voice which had killed a man. It was my seven and a half year old logic. So I decided I wouldn't put my voice out because it might kill people indiscriminately. So I stopped talking. And I suppose in a couple of years I had figured it out that it wasn't my voice. But muteness is like any other addiction. It's sweet. It's delicious, it's terrible, it's terrifying, and it stands just over my shoulder all these years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=3064.36,3102.12"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e Unfortunately, this wall of words was broken for Ms. Angelou, giving her the ability to write about things that are close to her.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=3103.29,3109.45"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 36:\u003c/strong\u003e What it's like to be a human being, what makes us weak, how we can laugh, how we can stumble, fall, fail, rise again, go on from darkness, go on from the hunters behind and the hounds behind, go on, get up, oppose gravity, and stand erect. It's amazing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=3109.77,3131.81"},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eSpeaker 1:\u003c/strong\u003e Maya Angelou is proof that the creativity of black women in America has been kept alive, which is remarkable because at one time it was a punishable crime for a black person to read or write. Yet despite this, the artistic expressions of black women have in fact helped shape American culture as we know it today. During the past hour, you've met many great black women who've achieved against the odds. Unfortunately, there were many more we were not able to include. And of course, there are the unsung heroines, such as our mothers, grandmothers, aunts, and sisters, who from day to day make life just a little bit better for all of us. To all women who've given their best and inspired us so deeply, we salute you. I'm Tanya Hart. Thank you so much for watching.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896#t=3132.87,3182.3"}]},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267896/transcript/77568/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/077/568/original/trint_WJZ-UNKN-058-001_FFV1_transcript.vtt?1742309433","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/077/568/original/trint_WJZ-UNKN-058-001_FFV1_transcript.vtt?1742309433"}]}]},{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267897","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 2 of 2 - open-uri20250318-3451889-88il5x.mp4"]},"duration":3556.564,"width":640,"height":360,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/267/897/small/open-uri20250318-3451889-88il5x_1742303549.jpg?1742303550","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267897/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267897/content/2/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-marmia.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/267/897/original/open-uri20250318-3451889-88il5x.mp4?1742303546","type":"Video","format":"video/mp4","duration":3556.564,"width":640,"height":360},"target":"https://marmia.aviaryplatform.com/collections/948/collection_resources/144778/file/267897","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[]}]}